Tiny algae – Odontella aurita and Tetraselmis striata – are taking the spotlight in 3D laser printing.
Professor Eva Basco and her team at Heidelberg University have been turning these algae into high-resolution, biocompatible printing inks, which can be used for various purposes like implants or scaffolds for growing cells.
The magic of two-photon printing technology
Two-photon 3D laser printing is like magic, crafting intricate designs at a tiny scale with precision. It’s all about using a laser to turn the algae-based ink into solid, detailed structures.
Meanwhile, traditional 3D printing is widely used for prototyping and manufacturing different parts within industries. One can use materials ranging from acrylic to metals. Companies can choose from cardboard, plywood, MDF, and other materials when working with a 3D laser printer.
Prof Blasco shared her concerns about using traditional materials in laser printing since it uses petrochemical-based polymers; this is why she supports bio-inks.
“While effective, these materials contribute to fossil fuel depletion and greenhouse gas emissions, and they often contain toxic additives,” she continued.
“Microalgae are particularly well-suited as biofactories for 3D printing materials due to their rapid growth, ability to fix CO2 and inherent biocompatibility.”
From microalgae to 3D printing inks
Focusing on two types of algae, the team discovered a way to use algae’s natural oils, making them ready to transform under the light into solid structures.
Surprisingly, they found that the algae’s own pigments “worked like a charm,” helping the process without needing those harsh chemicals usually involved.
“In this way, we avoid using potentially harmful additives like those found in conventional inks,” explains Clara Vazquez-Martel, one of the researchers in Prof Blasco’s team.
A greener path ahead
The team didn’t stop at just creating; they wanted to make sure these materials are kind and friendly to living cells. To do so, they crafted 3D micro scaffolds that supported cell life, hinting at a future where these materials could help in medical advancements.
“Our results open up new possibilities not only for more sustainable 3D printing with light, but also for life science applications,” concluded Prof Blasco.
